She was able to retire comfortably as Queen of England, with Aquitaine in the capable hands of Richard, and in doing so, take the sting out of the conflict between her husband and their sons. Please sign up to receive Sharon Kay Penman's newsletter to get the latest news and events. She has a twin sister named Emma Henry. On her way back to Aquitaine, Eleanor had been the subject to two kidnap attempts that aimed to force her into marriage. Although the figures are intended as Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II of England, and William Marshall, the story is an entire invention. Accordingly, Louis declared on Christmas Day 1145 at Bourges his intention of going on a crusade. She played a prominent part in government and a patrons role in the development of both troubadour poetry and the Arthurian legends. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. In 1173 she joined with her son in a revolt against King Henry, and spent 16 years in prison as a consequence. Eleanor would well have deserved to be named the grandmother of Europe.. I wonder whether Eleanor took a hit for the team, tacitly accepting punishment as a ringleader because that allowed their sons to be reconciled to their father quickly: it wasnt their fault, it was their mothers influence. During her childbearing years, she participated actively in the administration of the realm and even more actively in the management of her own domains. Top 3 Results for Eleanor Henry in PA. 1. In Sharon Kay Penman's Plantagenet novels, she figures prominently in When Christ and His Saints Slept, Time and Chance, and Devil's Brood, and also appears in Lionheart and A King's Ransom, both of which focus on the reign of her son, Richard, as king of England. It was decided that he would escort the queen and princess north. However, he died on Good Friday of that year (9April). Upon reaching Bordeaux, he left them in the charge of the archbishop of Bordeaux, one of his few loyal vassals. Louis's long march to Jerusalem and back north, which Eleanor was forced to join, debilitated his army and disheartened her knights; the divided Crusade armies could not overcome the Muslim forces, and the royal couple had to return home. Louis was a weak and ineffectual military leader with no skill for maintaining troop discipline or morale, or of making informed and logical tactical decisions. This, and her known age of 82 at her death make 1122 the most likely year of her birth. When most of the land army arrived, the king and queen had a dispute. The marriage was annulled in March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity. Upon Williams death in 1137 she inherited the duchy of Aquitaine and in July 1137 married the heir to the French throne, who succeeded his father, Louis VI, the following month. Matt Lewis is an author and historian of the middle ages. Inheriting a vast estate at the age of 15 made her the most sought-after bride of her . They had five sons and three daughters. Website:Matt Lewis Home (mattlewisauthor.com)Blog:Matts History Blog Hopefully interesting snippets and thoughts (wordpress.com)Twitter: @MattLewisAuthor. Geoffrey of York, for example, was an illegitimate son of Henry, but acknowledged by Henry as his child and raised at Westminster in the care of the queen. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Although their sons and other rebels were swiftly forgiven and rehabilitated. Eleanor, nearly 80 years old, fearing the disintegration of the Plantagenet domain, crossed the Pyrenees in 1200 in order to fetch her granddaughter Blanche from the court of Castile and marry her to the son of the French king. Her parents' marriage had been arranged by Dangereuse with her paternal grandfather WilliamIX. In addition, she had been corresponding with her uncle Raymond, Prince of Antioch, who was seeking further protection from the French crown against the Saracens. The duke then set out for the Shrine of Saint James of Compostela in the company of other pilgrims. Louis soon came into violent conflict with Pope Innocent II. Custody of them was awarded to King Louis. The basis for this claim seems to be the fact that Raymond advised a course of action that Louis refused to accept. I suspect she felt her duty to protect the duchy even more keenly because she was a woman in a world increasingly wary, if not downright fearful, of female rule. Poitou, where Eleanor spent most of her childhood, and Aquitaine together was almost one-third the size of modern France. Eleanor, aged 12 to 15, then became the duchess of Aquitaine, and thus the most eligible heiress in Europe. He was interred at the feet of the tomb of his great-grandfather, Henry I, in Westminster Abbey. Dismayed at her attitude, Bernard scolded Eleanor for her lack of penitence and interference in matters of state. Perhaps you're a fan of the new dramatic TV series, 'The Royals,' about a fictional British royal family who face struggles like the death of the heir to the throne, conniving children and assorted romances. In early summer, Eleanor was ill, and John visited her at Fontevraud. Two more strong-minded, forceful and determined people could hardly have been matched. She was the great patron of the two dominant poetic movements of the time: the courtly love tradition, conveyed in the romantic songs of the troubadours, and the historical matire de Bretagne, or legends of Brittany, which originated in Celtic traditions and in the Historia regum Britanniae, written by the chronicler Geoffrey of Monmouth sometime between 1135 and 1138. While in the eastern Mediterranean, Eleanor learned about maritime conventions developing there, which were the beginnings of what would become admiralty law. The second had been made by Henrys younger brother Geoffrey. The notion that she had another half-brother, William, has been discredited. Her seal of c.1152 shows a woman with a slender figure, but this is probably an impersonal image.[9]. Searching to find out more about Eleanor Henry? [4] The marriage was annulled on 21 March 1152 on the grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree. Their second son, Richard, lies at their feet, another restless Plantagenet brought to stillness by the greatest leveller of them all. There is, I think, so much more to their story than we usually allow. Even before the Crusade, Eleanor and Louis were becoming estranged, and their differences were only exacerbated while they were abroad. During her imprisonment, Eleanor became more and more distant from her sons, especially from Richard, who had always been her favourite. Henry allows Eleanor to travel to Normandy to visit the grave of their son Henry the Young King. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. Eleanor and Louis VII had two daughters, Marie and Alix. Eleanor of Aquitaine is thought to be the queen of England mentioned in the poem "Were diu werlt alle min," used as the tenth movement of Carl Orff's famous cantata, Carmina Burana.[42]. Reputedly Eleanor then requested to stay with Raymond and brought up the matter of consanguinitythe fact that she and her husband, King Louis, were perhaps too closely related. He possessed one of the largest domains in France, and upon his death in 1137 she inherited the duchy of Aquitaine. This resulted in the army becoming separated, with some having already crossed the summit and others still approaching it. This news appears to have forced a change of plans, for instead of returning to France from Marseilles, they went to see Pope Eugene III in Tusculum, where he had been driven five months before by a revolt of the Commune of Rome. Browse Locations. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Stephens oldest son died, his other son expressed no desire to become king, and Stephen adopted Henry as his son and appointed him heir to England. A marriage between Henry and Eleanor's daughter Marie had earlier been declared impossible due to their status as third cousins once removed. Eleanor was imprisoned for the next 16 years, much of the time in various locations in England. I found that period fascinating (and given my interest in the Wars of the Roses I was worried that civil wars fascinated me so much). Pioneer Theatre Company presentsThe Lion in Winter, a fascinating look at two of the most iconic figures in English history. She and Blanche rode in easy stages to the valley of the Loire, and she entrusted Blanche to the archbishop of Bordeaux, who took over as her escort. On Saturday, 11 June 1183, the young king realized he was dying and was overcome with remorse for his sins. He proclaimed that no word could be spoken against it, and that it might not be dissolved under any pretext. The war lasted two years (114244) and ended with the occupation of Champagne by the royal army. He and Eleanor were anointed and crowned king and queen of France on Christmas Day of the same year. Soon afterwards, she sought an annulment of her marriage,[2] but her request was rejected by Pope Eugene III. Eleanor was queen consort to Louis VII (113752) of France and Henry II of England (11521204). Henry is, for me, a complex character. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. All rights reserved. The exhausted Eleanor went to Fontevraud, where she remained. Henry II sent Thomas of Earley, Archdeacon of Wells, to break the news to Eleanor at Sarum. Neither was heard of for over two months. As the mother to Richard the Lionheart, she helped him sure up his succession, find him a wife, manage his lands while he was on campaign, and spring into action at the age of 68 to raise and personally deliver his ransom when he was taken prisoner on the way home from the Holy Land. She was portrayed by Lynda Bellingham in the BBC series Robin Hood. When his father's ring was sent to him, he begged that his father would show mercy to his mother, and that all his companions would plead with Henry to set her free. If you will promise to do this, I in return promise to entreat the merciful Lord to grant you offspring." "[31], In March 1173, aggrieved at his lack of power and egged on by Henry's enemies, his son by the same name, the younger Henry, launched the Revolt of 11731174. She has been played by Martita Hunt in The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men (1952), Jill Esmond in the British TV adventure series The Adventures of Robin Hood (19551960), Phyllis Neilson-Terry in the British TV adventure series Ivanhoe (1958), Yvonne Mitchell in the BBC TV drama series The Legend of Robin Hood (1975), Sin Phillips in the TV series Ivanhoe (1997), and Tusse Silberg in the TV series The New Adventures of Robin Hood (1997). Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine: Founding an Empire, Matts History Blog Hopefully interesting snippets and thoughts (wordpress.com). She certainly left for her own city of Poitiers immediately after Christmas. He even arranged for Eleanor and Louis to sleep in the same bed. The couple married on Whitsun, 18 May 1152. She died in 1204 at the monastery at Fontevrault, Anjou, where she had retired after the campaign at Mirebeau. Since Eleanor, 11 years her husbands senior, had long resented his infidelities, the revolt may have been instigated by her; in any case, she gave her sons considerable military support. There was simply no benefit in it either. He fled to Paris. Eleanor of Aquitaine, also called Eleanor of Guyenne, French lonore or Alinor, dAquitaine or de Guyenne, (born c. 1122died April 1, 1204, Fontevrault, Anjou, France), queen consort of both Louis VII of France (113752) and Henry II of England (11521204) and mother of Richard I (the Lionheart) and John of England. 4,476 Followers, 1,780 Following, 592 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from ELEANOR HENRY (@eleanorhenry) It is certain that by late 1166, Henry's notorious affair with Rosamund Clifford had become known, and Eleanor's marriage to Henry appears to have become terminally strained. However, this rumour may have been a ruse, as Raymond, through Eleanor, had been trying to induce Louis to use his army to attack the actual Muslim encampment at nearby Aleppo, gateway to retaking Edessa, which had all along, by papal decree, been the main objective of the Crusade. Yet despite his impending death, Louis's mind remained clear. JACKSON, Miss. Henry lies still, his eyes closed, holding his regalia, as he probably never was in life. Eleanor had lived an incredibly full medieval life before she even met Henry. Eleanor became queen of France, a title she held for the next 15 years. Evidence of the influence she wielded can also be found within the numerous letters she wrote to Pope Celestine III regarding Richard's captivity. John instructed his mother to travel to Castile to select one of the princesses. [Adelaide] perhaps [based] her preconceptions on another southerner, Constance of Provence tales of her allegedly immodest dress and language still continued to circulate among the sober Franks. Select this result to view Eleanor D Henry's phone number, address, and more. Her letter dated 1193, presents her strong expressions of personal suffering as a result of Richard's captivity and informs the Pope that in her grief she is "wasted away by sorrow".[35]. View the profiles of people named Eleanor Henry. One of his first acts as king was to send William Marshal to England with orders to release Eleanor from prison; he found upon his arrival that her custodians had already released her. The best result we found for your search is Eleanor D Henry age 80+ in Camp Hill, PA in the Camp Hill neighborhood. The moments that are perhaps most telling are those of grief. As she matured, she became known for her tenacity and political wisdom. Home, however, was not easily reached. Norah Lofts wrote a fictionalized biography of her, entitled in various editions Queen in Waiting or Eleanor the Queen, and including some romanticized episodesstarting off with the young Eleanor planning to elope with a young knight, who is killed out of hand by her guardian, in order to facilitate her marriage to the King's son. It may have been largely to teach manners, something the French courts would be known for in later generations. A book on rebellions in the medieval era is due soon, and Matts current project is a biography of Warwick the Kingmaker, in a return the fifteenth century. She married John Allison about 1708, in Maryland, British Colonial America. 11521204 ) [ 2 ] but her request was rejected by Pope Eugene III largest in... Largest domains in France, and more distant from her sons, especially from,. The moments that are perhaps most telling are those of grief Friday eleanor henry age now that year ( 9April ), June! 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